SMART" DESIGN OF INSTITUTIONAL REGULATION IN LARGE FEDERAL ECONOMY

Abstract

This article is devoted to the formation of the structure of institutional regulation of the large federal economy of Russia, which is based on functional-territorial specialization of regions. The methodological basis of the study is a synthesis of a systematic approach, the methodological principle of large systems and the “smart specialization” approach of territories, which made it possible to form projected changes and a new model of institutional regulation of federal relations in Russia. This made it possible to identify the signs of a large federal economy (the scale of the territory, the number and variety of the status of subjects), and its key characteristic - the heterogeneity of the economic space. An analysis of the current model of institutional regulation made it possible to single out a combination of two types of institutions: universal and selective, leading to inflexibility of the structure and asynchrony in the regulation of regional situations. The regulation model projected in the article is based on macroterritories, enlarged zones of influence, formed on the basis of a similar functional role (“smart” specialization) in the country's economy. The methodology for choosing the nature of the regulatory impact of the federal center on the regions included in the macroterritory is based on assessing the levels of decentralization of managerial and economic impact, and establishing the recommended combination of them for each type of macroterritory. The construction proposed in the article expands the prospects for applying the “smart” specialization approach in regulatory practice to reduce interregional inequality.