THE NAMES OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE UDMURT LANGUAGE

Abstract

The article discusses the original and borrowed names of chemical elements in the Udmurt language. The chronology of the fixation of chemical elements is determined, indicating the year of the first fixation in the Udmurt and Russian lexicographic literature, the year of the discovery of the chemical element. The etymology of the names is revealed. In nature, only a small part of the chemical elements is found in pure form. Many peoples were familiar with them already in the early stages of social development; they were given their own names or borrowed from neighbors. However, most of the chemical elements exist only in the composition of chemical compounds. They got their names rather late, when scientists learned to separate individual elements from the composition of chemical compounds. As they received them, experts gave them names in a variety of ways: they took into account various properties, state of aggregation, color, smell, used the names of geographical and astronomical objects, the names of mythological characters, discoverers or the names of scientific centers that discovered the element, or just a name authoritative scientists and public figures. When nominating scientists, as a rule, they used ancient Greek, Latin or German.