THE PHENOMENA OF CHOICE AND DECISION-MAKING IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE

Abstract

Decision-making by a person is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon and stimulates a large number of studies in various scientific directions. Psychology occupies a leading place among them, since decision-making acts as a kind of form of personal activity, implying a variant of the organization of activities in which the choice is made in a situation of uncertainty and involves the definition of a goal, possible means and ways to achieve it, analysis of available information, building an algorithm of actions that contribute to achieving the goal and are the result of the choice made. The article presents a theoretical overview of approaches to the study of the phenomenon of choice in psychological science, describes the types of choice: simple, semantic and personal (existential); describes the parameters of the description of the subjective quality of the selection process and its result. The phenomenon of decision-making in domestic and foreign psychology is considered, the stages of decision-making by a person are described, the psychological system of making life decisions by a person is considered, the factors influencing decision-making are presented.