MONITORING OF ACTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN THE SPRUCE FOREST NEAR A BROOK

Abstract

The monitoring of agarics in different types of forest (subzone of southern boreal forest) has been being done on the Perm Territory by a stationary method since 1975 until the present time (the testing area is 50´20 m). Much attention is paid to the study of ectomycorrhizal fungi entering into symbiosis with woody plants and promoting the sustainability of forest ecosystems. The article shows the results of studying ectomycorrhizal fungi in the spruce forest near a brook conducted in 1975-1977 (I period of study), 1994-1996 (II period), and 2011 (III period). During the research (7 seasons) 100 species of actomycorrhizal fungi, that belong to 3 orders, 9 families and 21 genera, have been found. The most plentiful are families Russulaceae and Cortinariaceae , which is typical for a boreal area. The major genera are: Russula (24), Cortinarius (23), Lactarius (11), Amanita (9), Inocybe (6). The species composition of fungi changes every year, while higher plants have remained almost the same for 35 years. Jaccard index for the actomycorrhizal fungi varied from 20 to 54, but in most cases it was about 40. Only a few species, such as Laccaria laccata, Lactarius theophilus, Paxillus involutus, Cortinarius sanguineus, formed basidioms every year during the research. Mycorrhizal fungi with a wide range of host plants are most numerous. Most mycorrhizal fungi (59%) are edible.