A.V. MAKEDONOV ABOUT THE PROBLEM OF A LITERARY HERO

Abstract

It is proved in the article that in the center of scientific and critical works of A.V. Makedonov in 1930-1990's there is a problem of a literary hero. Solving this problem, he followed the tradition of V.G. Belinsky. Eaesthetic views of Makedonov, his scientific method were formed in the epoch of the socialist realism canon. Having experienced its influence, the researcher was able to get rid of sociological schemes and ultimately opted for the classic aesthetics. Analyzing the characters in the works of A.S. Pushkin, A.T. Twardowski, O.E. Mandelstam and other poets of the twentieth century, Makedonov considered them in socio-historical and literary contexts. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of literary texts, he made theoretical conclusions about the typology of characters, artistic principles of their creation, the laws of literature development, the emergence of a new type of realism. The type of a «mass heroic man», allocated by him in the works of some soviet writers, primarily related to the «smolensk» poetic school, has something in common with the image of «universal identity» which was justified by Belinsky. The creation of the above mentioned type is based, according to the theory of Makedonov, on the principle of poetic synthesis which is universal and affects all levels of a literary text. It may dominate in the creative work of various writers such as Twardowski and Mandelstam.