EVOLUTION OF THE QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF RURAL FAMILIES IN THE SOUTHERN URALS IN THE LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURY

Abstract

The article examines the evolution of the quantitative composition of rural families in the Ufa and Orenburg provinces since the end of the XIX century to 1917. A brief analysis of scientific literature reveals that the problem has not been sufficiently studied. The main sources were the materials of the General and Agricultural Censuses of 1897, 1916 and 1917, as well as current zemstvo statistics. The results of the research indicate that the process of gradual decline in the quantitative composition of the family was disrupted during the First World War, when there was a sharp decrease in it. However, taking into account absent persons, the population of the yard by 1917 remained approximately at the level of 1897. The materials of the zemstvo surveys showed that in agricultural areas the more prosperous the family, the more numerous its composition was. The family of the Russian mining population and Bashkirs, who retained remnants of semi-nomadic cattle breeding, needs special consideration and identification of additional sources. The parameters in the quantitative composition of the family of various peoples of the Southern Urals were also determined by the peculiarities of their socio-economic and socio-demographic development during that period.