STRUCTURAL AND MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE SMALL RIVERS BASINS IN THE TUNKA SYSTEM

Abstract

The article provides a comparative analysis of the structural and morphometric features of the small river basins of the Tunka system on the example of the Ihe-Uhgun, Engarga, Tunka rivers (left tributaries of the Irkut river, Tunkinsky Golcy Ridge) and the rivers of the northern macroslope of the Khamar-Daban ridge (right tributaries of the Irkut river). Structural indices were obtained on the basis of the ALOS digital surface model (DSM) using GIS and compared with modal indicators to characterize the structural and morphometric features of the basins. The analysis of the indices distribution showed the greatest dissection of the Tunkinsky Golcy basins in the upper links of the erosion network. It was revealed that the basins of the third order, located within the Khamar-Daban ridge, are characterized by the greatest homogeneity of structural indices, and the basins of the depression bottoms have the greatest diversity in the distribution of structural indices. The leading role in the transformation of the relief and the transfer of matter for the small rivers of the Tunkinsky Golcy is played by watercourses of the 1st order; for small rivers of Khamar-Daban - 1st and 3rd orders.